Many-Valued Logics

There are many many-valued (or "multiple-valued") logics in addition to the one discussed in Gries, David (1981), The Science of Programming (New York: Springer-Verlag). "Ours" (i.e., Gries's), however, is not cited in the literature!

For further information, see the handout from class (to be handed out in the near future) plus:

1. Ackermann, Robert (1967), An Introduction to Many-Valued Logics (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul; New York: Dover); Lockwood QA9 .A23 1967

2. Rescher, Nicholas (1969), Many-Valued Logic (New York: McGraw-Hill); Lockwood BC126 .R4

3. Urquhart, Alasdair (1986), "Many-valued Logic," in Dov M. Gabbay and Franz Guenthner (eds.), Handbook of Philosophical Logic, Vol. III: Alternatives to Classical Logic (Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel): 71-116; Lockwood BC6 .H36 1983 v.3

There is also a conference sponsored by the IEEE Computer Society on "Multiple-Valued Logics". (On the WWW, see, e.g., 27th International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic (ISMVL '97) and Conference Abstracts)