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Last Update: 8 October 2008
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References:
-
Fillmore, Charles J. (1968) "The Case for Case", in E.Bach and R.Harms
(ed.), Universals in Linguistic Theory (New York: Holt, Rinehart, &
Winston): 1-88.
- Fillmore, Charles J. (1977), "The Case for Case Reopened",
Syntax and Semantics 8: 59-81.
-
Schank, Roger C.,
&
Rieger, Charles J., III
(1974),
"Inference and the
Computer Understanding of Natural Language",
Artificial
Intelligence
5: 373-412.
-
Schank, Roger C.,
&
Riesbeck, Christopher K.
(1981),
Inside Computer Understanding: Five Programs Plus Miniatures
(Hillsdale, NJ:
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates).
-
Sterling, Leon, &
Shapiro, Ehud (1986),
The Art of Prolog: Advanced Programming Techniques
(Cambridge, MA:
MIT Press): 234.
-
Contains a Prolog version of SAM (Script Applier Mechanism) in
less than 1 page of code!
-
Ansley, William (1989), "A SNePS Implementation of Micro-SAM"
(unpublished MS project).
-
Rich, Elaine
&
Knight,
Kevin
(1991),
"Conceptual Dependency"
and "Scripts",
from
Artificial Intelligence, Second Edition
(New York: McGraw-Hill): 277-289.
-
Lytinen, Steven L.
(1992),
"Conceptual Dependency and its Descendants", [PDF]
Computers and Mathematics with Applications
23(2-5): 51-73.
CD Primitives:
- PTRANS: physical transfer of location of an object
slots for PTRANS:
ACTOR: a HUMAN (or animate obj) that initiates the PTRANS
OBJECT: a PHYSICAL OBJECT that is PTRANSed
FROM: a LOCATION at which the PTRANS begins
TO: a LOCATION at which the PTRANS ends
- ATRANS: abstract transfer of ownership, possession, or control of an object
- MTRANS: mental transfer of information between agents
- MBUILD: mental construction of a thought or new info between agents
- ATTEND: act of focusing attention of a sense organ toward an object
- GRASP: grasping of an object by an actor for manipulation
- PROPEL: applicaton of physical force to an object
- MOVE: movement of a body part of an agent by that agent
- INGEST: taking in of an object (food, air, water...) by an animal
- EXPEL: expulsion of an object by an animal
- SPEAK: act of producing sound, including non-communicative sounds
Scripts:
STORY I/P:
- John went to Duff's for dinner last night.
- He ordered wings.
- When he paid for them, he noticed that he was
running out of money.
- He hurried home, since it had started to rain.
QUESTION: Did John eat dinner last night?
SCRIPT
Restaurant
ROLES
C
customer
W
waiter
PROPS
F
food
LOC'N
R
restaurant
SCENES:
- C PTRANS C to R
- C ATTEND eyes to menu
- C MTRANS "I want F" to W
- W PTRANS F to C
- C INGEST F
- W PTRANS bill to C
- C PTRANS money to R
- C PTRANS C from R
Processing:
(1) matches (unifies with) (a), where C:=John, R:=Duff's
(2) matches (c)
So, infer (b)
(3) matches (g)
So, infer (d)-(f)
So, ANSWER = Yes [(e) = John ate wings]
Copyright © 2001-2008 by
William J. Rapaport
(rapaport@cse.buffalo.edu)
http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/~rapaport/663/F08/cd.html-20081008